besides / except / except for / but

1. besides 意为“除…之外(还有)”， 指在整体中加入一部分，表示 一种累加关系，有“加上”之意

2. except 意为“除…之外(没有…)”， 着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个人或物，表示一种排除关系，有“减去”之意

3. except for 意为“除...之外”， 表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部分修正作用

4. but 意为“除...之外”， 和except的用法基本相同，但着重强调整句的内容，习惯上用于no，nothing，anything等词之后

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1·But his death was so needless.

然而他的死却太没有必要了。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

2·He is firm but not doctrinaire.

他意志坚定但不教条。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

3·The bike is rusty but usable.

自行车生锈了，但还能骑。《牛津词典》

4·I called Liz but she was out.

我打电话给利兹，但她不在家。《牛津词典》

5·I did remember, but only dimly.

我的确记得，只是记不太清楚了。《牛津词典》

6·She slept deeply but woke early.

她睡得很熟，但醒得也早。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

7·She left, but I remained behind.

她走了，而我留了下来。《牛津词典》

8·The room was small but adequate.

房间虽小但够用。《牛津词典》

9·He came close but she drew back.

他一步步靠近，而她却一步步向后退。《牛津词典》

10·'But why?' he interpolated.

“但为什么？”他插嘴问。《牛津词典》

但

1·We didn't win but we came close.

我们输了，但离赢只差了那么一小点儿。《牛津词典》

2·We warned them, but to no effect.

我们曾告诫过他们，但没起任何作用。《牛津词典》

3·He observes keenly, but says little.

他观察敏锐，但言语寥寥。《牛津词典》

4·He is firm but not doctrinaire.

他意志坚定但不教条。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

5·She slept deeply but woke early.

她睡得很熟，但醒得也早。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

但是

1·I'm sorry, but I must go now.

对不起，但是我得马上走。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

2·I'm married, but we're separated.

我已婚，但是我们分居了。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

3·Cars allowed, but parking is limited.

汽车可以得到，但是停车位是有限的。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

4·I knocked but there was no one around.

我敲了门，但是没有人应门。《牛津词典》

5·We are making slow but steady progress.

我们虽然缓慢但是在稳步前进。《牛津词典》

而是

1·I'm not afraid for me, but for the baby.

我担心的不是自己，而是婴儿。《牛津词典》

2·This is not a romantic notion but verifiable fact.

这不是一个不切实际的念头，而是一个有依据的事实。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

3·He insisted these photographs were not art but obscenity.

他坚持认为这些照片不是艺术而是淫秽品。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

4·Babies do not grow at a steady rate but in stops and starts.

婴儿成长的速度并非一成不变，而是长长停停，停停长长。《牛津词典》

5·This was not a memorial service but a celebration of his life.

这仪式不是追悼会，而是对他的生平的颂扬。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

却

1·Her clothes were clean but dowdy.

她的衣服干净却落后于时尚了。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

2·He runs the company in all but name.

他虽没有名义，却实际上在管理这家公司。《牛津词典》

3·He glowered at me but said nothing.

他怒视着我，却一言不发。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

4·The cottage is tiny, but it's charming.

这间小屋虽小，却十分迷人。《牛津词典》

5·She talked ungrammatically but fluently.

她讲话不符合语法规则，却很流利。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

可是

1·I'm sorry, but my mind is a blank.

很抱歉，可是我脑子里一片空白。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

2·I'll go to $1 000 but that's my limit.

我愿意出1 000元，这可是最大限度了。《牛津词典》

3·We discussed it all morning but got nowhere.

我们就此事讨论了一上午，可是毫无进展。《牛津词典》

4·The goalie dived for the ball, but missed it.

守门员一个鱼跃向球扑去，可是没有扑到。《牛津词典》

5·She pleaded with him but he remained unmoved.

她苦苦哀求，可是他仍无动于衷。《牛津词典》

可

1·I nudged her but she didn't react.

我用胳膊肘捅了她一下，可她没有反应。《牛津词典》

2·I waited an hour but he didn't show.

我等了一个小时，可他一直没露面。《牛津词典》

3·I called him but he ran off.

我喊他，可他跑开了。《牛津词典》

4·Sam nodded but he didn't look convinced.

萨姆点了点头，可他看起来并没有信服。《牛津词典》

5·She tried to explain but he wouldn't listen.

她试图说明一下原因，可他根本不听。《牛津词典》

然而

1·I know it sounds crazy but it just might work.

我知道这事听起来很蠢，然而也许就会奏效。《牛津词典》

2·I just did it for a laugh, but it got out of hand.

我只是开开玩笑，然而却一发不可收拾。《牛津词典》

3·He wanted to be rich but it was an impossible dream.

他想发财，然而这只是不可能实现的梦想。《牛津词典》

4·They are seeking more funds but the cupboard is bare.

他们正在寻求更多的资金，然而根本找不到。《牛津词典》

5·I thought she was hinting at something, but I let it go.

我想她在暗示什么，然而我也没再多问。《牛津词典》

除了

1·Trevor shouted, but there was no answer but a thud on the ground.

特雷福喊道，但是没有丝毫回应，除了地上的一声巨响。

2·To fly, of course, is the fastest way, but you can't see anything during your stay in the air but the blue sky and white clouds.

飞行，当然，是最快的方式，但是在你停留在空中的时候，你看不到任何东西，除了蓝天和白云。

3·He didn't speak anything but Greek.

他除了希腊语之外不会说其他任何语言。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

4·He was slightly bruised but otherwise unhurt.

他除了一点青肿之外没有受伤。《牛津词典》

5·Who but Rosa could think of something like that?

除了罗莎，谁会想得到那种事？《牛津词典》

只

1·There were a lot of famous people there: Tom Hanks and Julia Roberts, to name but two.

那里有很多名人：只提两个名字吧，有汤姆•汉克斯和朱莉娅•罗伯茨。《牛津词典》

2·This child brings nothing but misfortunes on us.

这个孩子只会给我们带来不幸。

3·I hadn't to bring but one; Bill's got the other。

我只带了一个过来；比尔有另一个。

4·I understand but one, replied the cat, modestly.

“我只会一门本领，”猫谦虚地回答。

5·If I had but something new to tell, said the old man.

“我只希望我能讲一个新的故事。”老人说。

(1)but now刚刚

(1)but forconj. 要不是；如果没有

(1)but what而不…；但是…

(1)but only[加强语气]但是

(1)but just仅；只得，唯此而已

(1)anything but根本不，决不